fascism

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Fascism
Core tenets Nationalism Totalitarianism Anti-democratic thought One-party state Personality cult Dictatorship Militarism Direct action Mixed economy Class collaboration Third Position New Man Imperialism Social order
Topics Definitions Economics Fascism and ideology Fascism worldwide Symbolism
Ideas Autarky Class collaboration Corporatism Totalitarianism
People Benito Mussolini Adolf Hitler Francisco Franco José Antonio Primo de Rivera Corneliu Zelea Codreanu Ante Pavelić Ikki Kita Wang Jingwei Plínio Salgado Konstantin Rodzaevsky Oswald Mosley William Dudley Pelley Aleksandr Dugin
Literature The Doctrine of Fascism Fascist Manifesto La Conquista del Estado Mein Kampf My Autobiography The Myth of the Twentieth Century The Last Will of a Russian Fascist
Organizations Axis powers 1934 Montreux Fascist conference
History World War I March on Rome Beer Hall Putsch Aventine Secession Pacification of Libya German election of 1932 Enabling Act Second Sino-Japanese War Second Italo-Ethiopian War Spanish Civil War Anti-Comintern Pact Italian invasion of Albania World War II The Holocaust Downfall in Italy
Lists Fascists by country
Variants Austrofascism British Fascism Christofascism Clerical Fascism Falangism Francoism Italian Fascism Nazism Neo-fascism Proto-fascism Tropical fascism As an insult Crypto-fascism Feudal fascism Islamic fascism Left-wing fascism Red fascism Social fascism
Related topics Alt-right Anti-fascism Conservatism Fascist (epithet) Glossary of Fascist Italy Iron law of oligarchy Palingenetic ultranationalism Racism Syndicalism
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Revolution
Types Colour Communist Democratic Nonviolent Permanent Political Social Wave
Methods Boycott Civil disobedience Civil war Class conflict Coup d'état Demonstration Guerrilla warfare Insurgency Nonviolent resistance Protest Rebellion Revolutionary terror Samizdat Strike action Tax resistance
Causes Authoritarianism Autocracy Capitalism Collaborationism Colonialism Cronyism Despotism Dictatorship Discrimination Economic depression Economic inequality Electoral fraud Famine Fascism Feudalism Imperialism Military occupation Monarchy Natural disaster Nepotism Persecution Political corruption Political repression Poverty Totalitarianism Unemployment
Examples Commercial Revolution Industrial Revolution English Revolution Atlantic Revolutions American Revolution French Revolution Haitian Revolution Revolutions of 1820 Revolutions of 1830 Belgian Revolution Texas Revolution Revolutions of 1848 Hungarian Revolution of 1848 Serbian Revolution Mexican Revolution Xinhai Revolution Revolutions of 1917–23 Russian Revolution German Revolution of 1918–19 Spanish Revolution of 1936 Chinese Communist Revolution Hungarian Revolution of 1956 Cuban Revolution Rwandan Revolution Cultural Revolution Nicaraguan Revolution Iranian Revolution People Power Revolution Revolutions of 1989 Velvet Revolution Romanian Revolution Bolivarian Revolution Rose Revolution Orange Revolution Arab Spring Euromaidan
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Fascism /ˈfæʃɪzəm/ is a form of radical authoritarian nationalism that came to prominence in early 20th-century Europe, influenced by national syndicalism. Fascism originated in Italy during World War I and spread to other European countries. Fascism opposes liberalism, Marxism and anarchism and is usually placed on the far-right within the traditional left–right spectrum.

Fascists saw World War I as a revolution that brought massive changes in the nature of war, society, the state, and technology. The advent of total war and total mass mobilization of society had broken down the distinction between civilian and combatant. A "military citizenship" arose in which all citizens were involved with the military in some manner during the war. The war had resulted in the rise of a powerful state capable of mobilizing millions of people to serve on the front lines and providing economic production and logistics to support them, as well as having unprecedented authority to intervene in the lives of citizens.

Fascists believe that liberal democracy is obsolete, and they regard the complete mobilization of society under a totalitarian one-party state as necessary to prepare a nation for armed conflict and to respond effectively to economic difficulties. Such a state is led by a strong leader—such as a dictator and a martial government composed of the members of the governing fascist party—to forge national unity and maintain a stable and orderly society. Fascism rejects assertions that violence is automatically negative in nature, and views political violence, war, and imperialism as means that can achieve national rejuvenation. Fascists advocate a mixed economy, with the principal goal of achieving autarky through protectionist and interventionist economic policies.

Since the end of World War II in 1945, few parties have openly described themselves as fascist, and the term is instead now usually used pejoratively by political opponents. The descriptions neo-fascist or post-fascist are sometimes applied more formally to describe parties of the far right with ideologies similar to, or rooted in, 20th century fascist movements.